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 Vaccination: An Updated Analysis of the Health Risks - Part 3
Source: The Townsend Newsletter, 11/07 By Gary Null, Ph.D. and Martin Feldman, M.D.
Date: 03/05/08
Go to http://www.vaccinenation.net/ for more on the film by Gary Null
In Parts 1 and 2 of this series, we examined factors countering the belief that
vaccines are safe and effective. We also discussed the effects of specific vaccines,
including those for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, chickenpox,
hepatitis B, measles, mumps and rubella. In this final installment, we
look at the rotavirus, meningococcal, and smallpox vaccines. We also discuss provocation
diseases associated with vaccines, economic and legal issues of
vaccination, the right to refuse vaccination, and the need to achieve
freedom of choice. - Read more...
ROTAVIRUS VACCINE
In 2006, the ACIP recommended vaccination of all infants at 2, 4 and 6
months of age with a new vaccine designed to prevent rotavirus
gastroenteritis. RotaTeq (Merck & Co.) is a live, oral vaccine that
contains five reassortant rotaviruses developed from human and bovine
strains. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) also recommended
routine use of this vaccine in infants in 2006.
The RotaTeq vaccine will almost certainly draw comparisons with a
previous oral rotavirus vaccine, RotaShield, which was released by
Wyeth Laboratories in 1998. The ACIP and AAP recommended universal use
of RotaShield for healthy infants. A year later, however, RotaShield
was removed from the market after VEARS received reports of bowel
intussusception-an obstruction in which one segment of the intestine
telescopes inwardly into another-in babies who had received RRV-TV, as
RotaShield was called. By the end of 1999, 121 reports of
intussusception in infants administered RRV-TV had been received by
VAERS. (Of the first 15 reported infants who developed intussusception,
eight required a surgical reduction.)
The CDC points out that RotaShield was rhesus-based. By
contrast, the parent rotavirus strains of the newly released RotaTeq
are human and bovine. RotaTeq was not associated with an increased risk
of intussusception compared with placebo in a trial involving more than
70,000 children. The CDC does note, however, that children who have
already had this bowel obstruction should not get the rotavirus vaccine
because anyone who has had intussusception is at an increased risk of
getting it again.
An estimated 1 million U.S. infants were vaccinated with RotaShield
following its approval. This vaccine’s history is made worse by the
fact that prelicensure trials demonstrated that RotaShield caused bowel
intussusception at rates 30 times higher than those expected. This is
what emerged from an analysis of prelicensure trial data by the
Association of American Physicians and Surgeons.
If it was already known that the vaccine could cause a potentially
lethal condition, why did the FDA approve it? Why had nobody warned
doctors to watch for this complication? These and other questions
prompted the AAPS to request a Congressional investigation of the
vaccine approval process. As Dr. Jane Orient, executive director of the
AAPS, wrote in a letter to Representative Dan Burton, "The situation
with the rotavirus vaccine may be a clue to a far more serious problem
with the vaccine approval process." Dr. Orient makes the important
point that "Decisions about vaccines given to children should be made
by parents in consultation with the child’s attending physician, not
mandated by a small group of ‘experts’ with minimal accountability."
MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINE
In its first year on the market, the new meningococcal conjugate
vaccine (MCV4) was potentially associated with an increased risk of
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), a rare neurological disorder that causes
increasing weakness in the limbs. The meningococcal vaccine (Menactra)
was recommended by the ACIP in May 2005 for routine vaccination of
adolescents, college freshmen who live in dormitories, and other
high-risk individuals.
By September 2006, 17 confirmed cases of GBS in recipients of MCV4 had
been reported to VAERS (all affected individuals had recovered or were
recovering). Although this association does not necessarily mean the
vaccine caused the illness, the CDC has reported that the timing of the
onset of GBS symptoms-within 1 to 5 weeks of vaccination-is of concern.
As of October 2006, the FDA and CDC were monitoring the situation, and
the CDC continued to recommend the vaccine for adolescents and others.
SMALLPOX VACCINE
The smallpox vaccine was given to infants in the U.S. until 1972. At
that time, the global incidence of this disease was well under control
and routine vaccination against smallpox ended. According to the
National Network for Immunization Information, it was believed then
that the risk of serious adverse events from the smallpox vaccine,
including death, outweighed the risk of contracting the disease itself
in the U.S. The World Health Organization certified that smallpox was
eradicated worldwide in 1980.
After the terrorist threats of 2001, the U.S. developed a plan
to reintroduce the smallpox vaccine if necessary to counter a potential
attack using the virus as a biological weapon. In State of Immunity,
author James Colgrove reports that the Bush Administration announced an
ambitious plan in 2002 to vaccinate emergency personnel, healthcare
workers, and adults in the general public on a voluntary basis. The
administration failed to win the support of the program from healthcare
providers, however, and less than a year later the smallpox vaccination
plan was ceased. Approximately 39,000 civilian healthcare and public
health workers received the smallpox vaccine in 2003.
Although this vaccination program failed, the proposal to immunize
Americans against a biological attack with smallpox should cause us to
take a closer look at this vaccine. (The old smallpox vaccine is
stockpiled in the U.S., and new smallpox vaccines are in development.)
An unknown virus. The modern smallpox vaccine does not contain
the smallpox virus itself, but rather a virus called "vaccinia" whose
origins are unknown. The CDC states, "The vaccinia virus is the ‘live
virus’ used in the smallpox vaccine. It is a ‘pox’-type virus related
to smallpox. When given to humans as a vaccine, it helps the body to
develop immunity to smallpox. The smallpox vaccine does not contain the
smallpox virus and it cannot cause smallpox." The University of Florida
College of medicine information page adds this: "Vaccinia is the virus
that was used for vaccination against smallpox. Its exact origin is
unknown, however, as it does not appear to be related to any other
known pox virus. Some people think that it is a recombinant of smallpox
and cowpox, while others think that it may be a derivative of horsepox,
a virus that no longer exists (if it ever did)."
Adverse effects of the vaccine. The CDC reports that while the
smallpox vaccine is safe for most people, serious and life-threatening
reactions do occur in rare cases. Serious reactions include a rash or
outbreak of sores in one area of the body (the virus may be spread from
the vaccination site to other parts of the body or to other people); a
widespread vaccinia rash that occurs when the virus spreads from the
vaccination site through the bloodstream; and a toxic or allergic
reaction to the vaccine. Life-threatening reactions to the smallpox
vaccine include eczema vaccinatum (a serious rash involving widespread
infection of the skin in people with conditions such as eczema or
atopic dermatitis), progressive vaccinia (an infection of the skin with
tissue destruction that often leads to death), and postvaccinal
encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
Another potential complication of the smallpox vaccine is
myopericarditis, or inflammation of the heart. The CDC says that while
the link between the smallpox vaccine and this condition is not proven,
data from recent smallpox vaccinations are "consistent with a causal
association" between the two. In 2005 the FDA added a new black-box
warning to Dryvax (the smallpox vaccine produced by Wyeth) regarding
the increased risk of cardiac problems experienced by some recipients
of the smallpox vaccine.
What might the consequences of mass smallpox vaccination be? That was
the question addressed in a 2002 article. Using historical data on
adverse reactions to the vaccine, the authors estimated that, after
excluding high-risk people and their close contacts, a vaccination
strategy targeting people 1 to 29 years old would result in
approximately 1,600 serious adverse events and 190 deaths. Vaccination
of people from 1 to 65 years old would result in approximately 4,600
adverse events and 285 deaths. The researchers note that the smallpox
vaccine "has a higher complication rate than any other vaccine
currently being used." They conclude that a mass vaccination campaign
would have to be careful to exclude high-risk people and their contacts
to minimize the complications, but that this approach would leave some
people susceptible to the disease.
In a 2006 paper, researchers estimated the expected frequencies of
postvaccinal encephalitis and death from smallpox vaccines containing
two different strains of vaccinia virus: the New York City Board of
Health (NYCBH) strain and the Lister strain. They note that other
studies of the consequences of smallpox vaccination have commonly used
an incidence of approximately one death per million vaccinations.
However, these analyses "may give serious underestimates of the number
of deaths resulting from vaccination." This study estimates that
vaccination with the NYCBH strain (stockpiled in countries such as the
U.S.) would lead to an average of 1.4 deaths per million vaccinations.
Vaccination with the Lister strain (stockpiled in countries such as
Germany) would lead to an average of 8.4 deaths per million
vaccinations.
ACTIVISTS SPEAK OUT ON VACCINE DANGERS
Those who take issue with universal immunization point out that the
programs do not distinguish between children who may benefit from a
certain vaccine and those who may be hurt by it. Infants are given
blanket immunization regardless of their previous or current state of
health and their varying susceptibilities to side effects. Ideally, the
vaccination system should be much more selective, with parents being
given complete information so they can decide whether the risks
associated with a particular procedure outweigh its potential benefits.
Just as different races may suffer disproportionately from allergies
and food sensitivities, studies indicate that they may experience
different reactions to vaccines.
People engaged in the fight against government-mandated vaccines share their concerns here about several vaccination issues.
Provocation disease. One of the most hazardous and insidious
effects of vaccination lies in its potential to induce other forms of
disease, a phenomenon known as provocation disease. The mechanisms that
cause this to happen are unclear, although many scientists believe that
latent viruses-those already existing in a person-may be stimulated by
vaccinations and that this process may be enough to activate a
particular illness. Vaccination, therefore, may not be the sole cause
but rather the final trigger of an illness.
In his book Vaccination and Immunization: Dangers, Delusions and
Alternatives, Leon Chaitow states that there is no way of knowing when
such latent or incubating situations may be operating, and therefore no
way of knowing when a vaccine may produce this sort of provocation. He
warns that provocation of a latent virus is a potentially dangerous
possibility with every vaccination procedure.
Many diseases thought to be caused at least partially by
vaccinations do not surface until years later, by which time it is
difficult to prove a connection. Two examples of conditions that may be
provoked by vaccines are:
* Allergies. According to Dr. Harris Coulter, co-author of A
Shot in the Dark, and other experts, vaccines and allergies are clearly
connected. "What does allergy mean? It means that your body is ready to
react very, very quickly when exposed a second time to a substance to
which it is allergic. If you are allergic to ragweed, [a small amount]
of ragweed will start you sneezing. Now, if you vaccinate a person
against pertussis or some other bacillus, you are making that person
‘allergic’ to that bacillus. That’s what being vaccinated actually
means. It means you are ‘allergic’ to that bacillus, in the sense that
your body will react very, very rapidly if exposed to that bacillus a
second time."
* Immunosuppression and autoimmune disease. The body needs to
experience a full inflammatory response to create immunity, and
vaccines do not allow this to happen. Instead, a chronic condition is
created that can set the stage for autoimmune disease. Autoimmune
diseases such as Guillain-Barre syndrome and thrombocytopenia have been
associated with vaccinations.
In Immunization: The Reality Behind the Myth, author Walene
James suggests that vaccinations may induce autoimmune disorders
because "live viruses, the primary antigenic material of [some]
vaccines, are capable of surviving or remaining latent in the host cell
for years, without provoking acute disease." Live virus vaccines
include those for chickenpox, measles, mumps, rubella, and oral polio.
Cynthia Cournoyer, author of What About Immunizations?, believes a key
principle involved in the many negative effects of vaccines is that the
immune system can tolerate only so many challenges, especially before
it is given a chance to develop to maturity. "Every child," she writes,
"is born with a finite ability to combat disease. This is his total
immune capacity. Once a child experiences a particular disease,
permanent immunity is extremely efficient, using probably 3 percent to
7 percent of the total immune capacity of an individual. In the case of
routine childhood vaccination, it is likely that as much as 30 percent
to 70 percent of total immune capacity becomes committed."
Cournoyer proposes that this effect on immunity may substantially
reduce a child’s immunological reserves. "Far from producing a genuine
immunity, a vaccine may actually interfere with or suppress the immune
response as a whole, in much the same way that radiation, chemotherapy
and corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs do."
Cournoyer continues, "Although the body will not make antibodies
against its own tissues, viruses becoming part of the genetic make-up
may cause cells to appear foreign to the immune system, making them a
fair target for antibody production.... Under proper conditions these
latent pro viruses could become activated and cause a variety of
diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus
erythematosus...and cancer."
Temporary immunity of vaccines. Vaccines provide only temporary
immunity, whereas the contraction of an actual disease confers
permanent immunity most of the time. Viera Scheibner, a retired
research scientist, writes that "generations of children with this
inadequate immunity would grow into adults with no placental immunity
to pass on to their children, who would then contract measles at an age
when babies are normally protected by maternal antibody....
"Perhaps the most unfortunate thing about the idea of
eliminating infectious diseases by vaccination is that indeed there is
no need to do so. As pointed out by the group of Swiss doctors opposing
the U.S.-inspired policy of mass vaccination against measles, mumps and
rubella in Switzerland, ‘We have lost the common sense and the wisdom
that used to prevail in the approach to childhood diseases. Too often,
instead of reinforcing the organism’s defenses, fever and symptoms are
relentlessly suppressed. This is not always without consequences...’"
Lastly, Scheibner states, "There is no need to artificially immunize
our children and ourselves. The body has proper, natural mechanisms to
create immunity to diseases. The diseases themselves are the priming
and challenging mechanisms of the maturation process leading to the
competence of the immune system...."
ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ISSUES
Cynthia Cournoyer has noted that vaccines are the only products in the
U.S. that are legally mandated to be used by every person born.
Barbara Loe Fisher, cofounder and president of the National Vaccine
Information Center (NVIC), Vienna, Va., has advocated the right of
individuals to make informed, independent vaccination decisions for
themselves and their children for two decades. She paints an ominous
picture of things to come: "As consumers, we can bring very little
economic pressure on the system to have that product improved or
removed, because all of us are required by law to use it. It’s a dream
for the pharmaceutical industry involved in making vaccines, because
there’s no way anybody can say no. It’s a stable, ready-made market,
and the enactment of the compensation law in 1986 has removed almost
all liability for drug companies...."
Fisher cautions that state health departments may develop
electronic systems to monitor the vaccination status of each child.
"…If we don’t act now, the public health infrastructure is going to get
more power to intrude in our lives, intrude in our health care choices.
It all comes down to whether or not we, as individuals, are going to
fight for the right to make informed health care choices, including
vaccination choices, for ourselves and our children, and whether we are
going to hold the drug companies and government health officials
accountable for the injuries, deaths and chronic illnesses caused by
the vaccines they produce, sell, and promote for mass use."
The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 created a no-fault
compensation program through which plaintiffs can seek compensation for
injuries from vaccines recommended for routine administration. The law
also provided, however, that evidence of gross negligence would be
needed to seek punitive damages against vaccine manufacturers. The NVIC
said in 2003 that it and other parent groups "have been critical of how
adversarial the system is and how difficult it is to get an award."
Through fiscal year 2001, the National Vaccine Injury Compensation
Program had paid $1.3 billion in total awards (petitioner’s awards and
attorney’s fees) for approximately 1,660 compensable petitions.
The compensation program is funded through an excise tax on vaccines.
As a result, consumers foot the bill for any injuries or deaths that
may result from medical procedures they are required by law to undergo.
, , Alan Phillips, co-founder of Citizens for Healthcare Freedom,
notes: "[Pharmaceutical companies] have been allowed to use gag orders
as a leverage tool in vaccine damage legal settlements to prevent
disclosure of information to the public about vaccination dangers. Such
arrangements are clearly unethical; they force a nonconsenting American
public to pay for vaccine manufacturers’ liabilities, while attempting
to ensure that this same public will remain ignorant of the dangers of
their products." ,
Vaccine critic Randall Neustaedter adds: "When lawsuits leveled at drug
companies began wiping out profits gleaned from the pertussis vaccine,
the manufacturers simply stopped production of the vaccine. The United
States government stepped in to pay these vaccine-damage claims. Only
then did the drug companies agree to resume vaccine production...."
RIGHT TO REFUSE VACCINATION
All states have laws mandating the vaccination of children before they
enter school, but these laws also allow for various types of exemptions
to compulsory vaccination. Parents may seek exemptions on behalf of
their children. According to the NVIC, all 50 states allow exemptions
based on medical reasons, 48 states allow exemptions for people who
have a sincere religious belief opposing vaccination, and 18 states
allow exemptions based on philosophical, personal or conscientiously
held beliefs.
The ease of obtaining a vaccination exemption may depend on the type
sought and the requirements of the individual’s state. In the journal
Pediatrics, researchers say that "in many states, it is easier to claim
a religious or philosophical exemption than to adhere to mandated
immunization requirements." On the other hand, Kurt Link, M.D., states
in The Vaccine Controversy that exemptions are often very difficult to
obtain and that less than 2 percent of people who apply for a
vaccination exemption obtain one. Link says that parents who are denied
an exemption and try to defy the vaccination mandate may have their
children excluded from school, may be charged with criminal child abuse
or neglect, and may have their children taken into state custody.
Potential downside to exemptions. Parents who refuse vaccinations for
their children should be aware of other potential consequences as well.
The literature shows that unvaccinated children may be at greater risk
of contracting diseases covered by routine vaccines. In the Pediatrics
article, the authors cite research showing that "exemptors" were 22
times more likely to contract measles than were vaccinated people and
six times more likely to contract pertussis. In addition, unvaccinated
people account for the majority of recent cases of tetanus. A study
published in 2006 also found that states allowing personal-belief
exemptions and states with easier exemption processes were associated
with a higher incidence of pertussis.
Another consideration is that pediatricians may dismiss patients who
refuse to be vaccinated. In a survey of 1004 members of the American
Academy of Pediatrics published in 2005, 39 percent said they would
dismiss a family for refusing all vaccinations and 28 percent would
dismiss a family for refusing select vaccines.
Varying state laws. According to the NVIC, parents who want to exempt a
child from mandated vaccination must know what types of exemptions the
law in their state allows and the type of proof that may be required.
In many states offering philosophical or personal-belief exemptions,
for example, a parent must object to all vaccines, not particular ones.
With medical exemptions, some states will accept without question a
letter from a physician saying that one or more vaccines would be
detrimental to the health of the patient, while the health departments
in other states review such exemptions and may decide one is not
justified. With religious exemptions, says the NVIC, state laws differ
regarding the definition of the exemption and the proof needed of one’s
religious beliefs opposing vaccination. In fact, the NVIC does not
provide or recommend a prewritten waiver for religious exemptions. If a
prewritten waiver does not meet your state’s requirements, you may draw
attention to your child and, if challenged on the exemption, end up in
litigation with your state or county health department in which you
must prove your religious beliefs.
Another web site, Vaccination Liberation, provides links to exemption
forms and information by state and to sample exemption letters
(http://vaclib.org). Joseph Mercola, D.O., provides an article on how
to legally avoid vaccinations on his web site
(www.mercola.com/article/vaccines/legally_avoid_shots.htm Dr. Mercola’s
newsletter has covered other vaccination topics as well.
Fisher of the NVIC offers advice for two particular vaccination
situations in her book The Consumer’s Guide to Childhood Vaccines:
* Newborns. Hospitals generally require parents who are
delivering a baby to sign a form agreeing to have the newborn treated
by medical personnel. Fisher warns that by signing this document, you
may also give consent to have your baby vaccinated with hepatitis B.
Fisher states, "Read any consent form you sign carefully. If you do not
want your newborn vaccinated shortly after birth, you have the right to
sign it after writing in an exception, such as, ‘I do not consent to
have my child given any vaccinations prior to discharge from the
hospital.’ Bring this to the attention of the person admitting you and
the nursery supervisor and ask to have it printed on the outside of
your chart. Some parents take the extra precaution of not leaving the
newborn alone with hospital personnel without being able to observe the
baby."
* Sick children. Staff in hospitals, clinics or emergency
rooms often ask about the vaccination status of children. Fisher
states, "You don’t have to provide them with written proof. A verbal
answer is satisfactory. However, if you are being questioned closely
and feel that you are being pressured into vaccinating your sick child
without your consent, you should understand that you have the right to
refuse to give permission to have your sick child vaccinated if you
believe vaccination at the time will endanger your child’s health or
life. You may choose to reassure medical personnel that you will
consult a private pediatrician for further guidance about vaccination."
The point is that individuals need the freedom to choose. They
should not be forced in one direction or another. Fisher stresses this:
"Our organization does not tell a parent what to do. I want to make
that clear. We are an information clearinghouse and we believe in
education. We believe that parents should take the responsibility for
making their own decision. In this society, we ought to have the right
to make the right decisions without being bullied and harassed and
threatened into vaccinating if we do not believe that it is in the best
interest of our child."
Alan Phillips adds, "I don’t advocate that people do or do not
vaccinate. I say that there’s a lot of information that people should
investigate before they make a decision one way or the other. We’re so
steeped in what I would now call the myth of vaccination that it seems
nonsensical and counterintuitive to even raise the question. In fact,
the first time that I raised the question with a pediatrician I got
yelled at. While I think that was unprofessional of the pediatrician,
it does demonstrate the degree to which assumptions about vaccinations
are held."
Dr. Dean Black, author of Immunizations: Compulsion or Choice, states,
"As a parent, there might be times I choose to immunize my child. Maybe
I would find scientific evidence to back its validity in a case where a
disease is so fraught with risk that I dare not expose my child. Maybe
then I would choose [to vaccinate]. But I would do so having thoroughly
thought about it....What I believe we cannot tolerate as a free nation
is to have government bureaucrats come in and say-based upon false
statistics-if you don’t immunize your child, you will suffer penalty of
law. That, to me, is a gross injustice that simply has to be changed."
HOLISTIC HEALTH
Fisher believes that if we are concerned about our health and our
freedoms, we should be worrying about the future. "I truly believe that
unless the public wakes up to what is happening, and starts standing up
for their right to be fully informed about vaccines, and their right to
make informed independent vaccine decisions, the day will come when we
won’t have that right. We will be forcibly vaccinated by law without
exception."
Fisher urges everyone to stop being complacent, to start becoming
informed about vaccines and diseases and to act. Specifically, she
states, "You are going to have to work to amend your state’s laws. If
you would like to be better informed and to help get the truth out,
please join our grassroots vaccine safety movement."
Fisher believes that alternative healthcare modalities in the
U.S. will play an important role in the vaccine safety movement. "Those
who are looking into…osteopathic medicine, naturopathic, homeopathic,
vitamin therapy, etc., are looking for ways to boost the immune system
through more natural means in order to be able to naturally deal with
viruses and bacteria that they come in contact with. This is a very
important movement."
Dr. Black agrees. He sees vaccinations as a shortcut for
people in our society who have not taken full responsibility for their
health. "It’s a way of saying, don’t look at the more natural holistic
way of helping the body. Medicine believes disease is the
enemy....Medicine fights disease. Natural health care works with
it....Medicine believes symptoms are evil. Natural health care believes
symptoms are the body’s efforts to rid itself of disease."
Curtis Cost, author of Vaccines Are Dangerous: A Warning to the Black
Community, adds, "…parents do not need to be terrified into believing
that the only way to protect themselves and their children from disease
is through vaccines. We know that if parents breastfeed their babies,
the risk of death and disease is dramatically reduced because the
breast milk contains all the natural nutrients that the mother will
naturally give to her child as she breastfeeds. We know that diet has a
tremendous effect on disease. If you are not eating a proper diet your
risk of getting various diseases is much greater. So we need to focus
on taking control of our health...to focus on eating more organically
grown fresh fruits and vegetables, on drinking pure water, and on
exercising. These actions build up the immune system."
It stands to reason that our approach might be better directed at
bolstering natural immunity, by strengthening the body’s own
disease-fighting capability, than trying to manipulate a carefully
balanced system which may or may not tip to the detriment of the future
individual. The old adage, ‘What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger’
describes the credo of the vaccine industry. The problem is that we do
not yet know a single silver-bullet remedy for all childhood illnesses
that are known to cause no harm to the future adult.
RESOURCES
Organizations and Websites
Association of American Physicians and Surgeons
1601 N. Tucson Blvd., Suite 9
Tucson, AZ 85716-3450
Website: www.aapsonline.org
Opposes vaccine mandates that violate the medical ethic of informed consent.
Gary Null’s Web Site
Website: www.garynull.com
Provides information on optimizing health through nutrition, lifestyle factors and alternative medicine.
Immunization Action Coalition
1573 Selby Avenue, Suite 234
St. Paul, MN 55104
Website: www.immunize.org
Provides
educational materials on vaccination for health professionals and the
public to help increase immunization rates and prevent disease.
The Institute for Vaccine Safety
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
615 N. Wolfe Street
Room W5041
Baltimore, MD 21205
Website: www.vaccinesafety.edu
Provides independent assessment of vaccines and vaccine safety; works to prevent disease using the safest possible vaccines.
National Immunization Program
(Including the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices)
NIP Public Inquiries
Mailstop E-05
1600 Clifton Road, NE
Atlanta, GA 30333
Website: www.cdc.gov/nip/ACIP/default.htm
A website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with
information on vaccines, vaccine safety, diseases, other immunization
topics and resources.
National Network for Immunization Information
301 University Blvd.
CH 2.218
Galveston, TX 77555-0351
Website: www.immunizationinfo.com
Provides
up-to-date, scientifically valid information about immunization to help
the public, health professionals and policymakers make informed
decisions.
National Vaccine Information Center
204 Mill Street, Suite B1
Vienna, VA 22180
Website: www.909shot.com
Oldest and largest parent-led organization advocating reformation of the mass vaccination system.
MedAlert,
a service of the NVIC, has organized information from the Vaccine
Adverse Event Reporting System for online searching (go to
www.medalert.org).
Thinktwice Global Vaccine Institute
P.O. Box 9638
Santa Fe, NM 87504
Website: www.thinktwice.com
Provides information on childhood vaccines and others to facilitate
informed decisions; supports the right to accept or reject vaccines.
Vaccination Liberation
P.O. Box 457
Spirit Lake, Idaho 83869-0457
Website: www.vaclib.org
Opposes compulsory vaccination laws; provides information on vaccinations not often made available to the public.
Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
P.O. Box 1100
Rockville, MD 20849-1100
Website: http://vaers.hhs.gov
Cooperative program of the FDA and CDC that collects reports on adverse events occurring after vaccinations.
Vaccine Information and Awareness Website
Website: http://home.san.rr.com/via
Works to ensure freedom of choice for parents regarding vaccination.
For information on exemptions, go to http://home.san.rr.com/via/STATES/toc-states.htm
Vaccination News
P.O. Box 111818
Anchorage, AK 99511-1818
Website: www.vaccinationnews.com
Provides a wide range of news and views on vaccinations and vaccination policy.
VaccineWebsite.com
Website: www.whale.to/vaccines.html
Provides information on vaccines, adverse events, vaccine critics, diseases targeted by vaccines, medical politics, and more.
Vaccination Exemption Information
Vaccination Liberation: www.vaclib.org
Vaccine Information and Awareness website: http://home.san.rr.com/via
National Vaccine Information Center: www.909shot.com
Joseph Mercola, D.O.: www.mercola.com/article/vaccines/legally_avoid_shots.htm
Books, Videos and DVDs
The Consumer’s Guide to Childhood Vaccines
By Barbara Loe Fisher
National Vaccine Information Center, 1997
Evidence of Harm: Mercury in Vaccines and the Autism Epidemic
By David Kirby
St. Martin’s Press, 2005
Immunization: The Reality Behind the Myth
By Walene James
Bergin & Garvey, 2nd Edition, 1995
Reverse the Aging Process Naturally
By Gary Null and Martin Feldman, M.D.
Villard Books, 1993
A Shot in the Dark
By Harris L. Coulter and Barbara Loe Fisher
Avery Publishing Group, 1991
State of Immunity: The Politics of Vaccination in Twentieth-Century America
By James Colgrove
University of California Press, 2006
Vaccination and Immunization: Dangers, Delusions & Alternatives
By Leon Chaitow
Beekman Books, 1994
The Vaccine Controversy: The History, Use, and Safety of Vaccinations
By Kurt Link, M.D.
Praeger Publishers, 2005
The Vaccine Guide: Risks and Benefits for Children and Adults
By Randall Neustaedter
North Atlantic Books, 1996, 2002
The Virus and the Vaccine: Contaminated Vaccine, Deadly Cancers, and Government Neglect
By Debbie Bookchin and Jim Schumacher
St Martin’s Press, 2004
What Every Parent Should Know About Childhood Immunization
By Jamie Murphy
Earth Healing Products, 1993
"Vaccines: The Risks, the Benefits, the Choices" (DVD)
By Sherri J.Tenpenny, D.O.
"Vaccines: What the CDC Documents and Science Reveal" (DVD)
By Sherri J.Tenpenny, D.O.
"Building the Immune System Naturally" (VHS)
By Gary Null
"Supercharge Your Immune System" (VHS)
By Gary Null
"Total Health" series, Steps 1 – 7 (DVD or VHS)
By Gary Null
The Authors
Gary Null, Ph.D., has authored more than 50 books on health and
nutrition and numerous articles published in research journals. He
holds a Ph.D. in human nutrition and public health science from the
Union Graduate School. Null maintains a Website at www.garynull.com
that presents information on how to optimize health through nutrition,
lifestyle factors and alternative medicine.
Martin Feldman, M.D., practices complementary medicine. He is
an Assistant Clinical Professor of Neurology at the Mount Sinai School
of Medicine in New York City.
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